botlek



To allwhom, intl/*moy com? t and firman H. BUTLER county, and Statel of New` vented certain Wafsravmyooir n t STATESPATENT OFFIGL RICARD 'HOLMES-@ WILLIAM H- BTLER; NEW YORK; N. -Y. '1f f l Y Y.ffl Flilzrlncxor FILLING.b

, dated March`27,'1855.. Y ,1

Specification oftiretters No. 124,594Y

.1'. K l the dust from a mixture of alum' andfertuarblel dust,

marble saw will -forma co t pound of essentially. the same character s the above',l as the marbledustcontainst alkalinecessary to neutralizeits acidyanld also the y,incomloustible matter necessary ern! l `RroHAim G Homme, of the". vcity, York,, have infulV Improve-f Safes-Batiks,`

Be it known that we,

new and use fFillings ofents .in Fireproo and other Doors :and othern So-CalledFire'- give kbody to the alum, to hold it in itsplac roof A Structuresand ,wei-:do herebyidef the latter .being the principal object of fclay or other earthy or incombust-iblematclaro that the following is a exact description Aof the Same, ing had` to( the accompanying" forming part l.represents a s with our impr fullgyclear, 'and reference bes Wehave su S'by We'ght Iter used with the alum.-

cessfully a mixture of twolpart 1 h1 jof marbl'efsaw dust Vsindone of ah1m,the

may kbe mixed and insertedcold 'and dry,

pouredinto `the safe vin acheated or fm e ot `this specification ectionl of a port-ion 'o oved fire proof filling,-l

resentingithe outer wall ofiron and state. n. t w A inner wall of wood, Ya I) represen 4 `The.compounds"of alum lay,&c

ing and c c thepacking inthe 'fore used'as'heatA resf ingfmedia" have p sessed another `serious .defectk `in `additi nY usconsists of a com cla;vv have be andthe extraordinary fire iesistinl pi'opcr-y l t y. ties of alumliave long-beenwellkliow 'but ev t agile'substance with which` 1tk com in Contact,` besides leaving the `npperpart alum when in a he possess almost every descrip stroying m earthy or incombu commerce orso with dry heatan heat resisting compound,

binationof clay stible. matte me'other fsalt hat n di some alkahn areawarethatcompound.

en used'as tillinglg` f 1 vsa otl ` The uctive property the alum, lin :when heated in @burning Vln'lfildi they 01m ajsofty mud` or lush that, sttli t the lowest part, o-thesafe or othe structure', runsand oozesfth f gh ntsthere'of notvonly tothe` ext'er r the interior `of the vsafe destroying the 'desti' muchv ated weh; ortimelted statc ty of e'acing writing in tionof in and ol de-'i emptyand expose .toC the Yaction of fire. This defectjis what wea designto'obviate by thefformaton of celljsf' ofporous material; between the inner Pand router `wallto contain lthe compound, the pores of said cells beingcapable of-absorb-- 'th'e safe or lstructure es `the proper any articles of d u Y .sm-h as certain kinds of jewelryor anyar-` tif-hns liable to be aected byltheisulfurio :wid contained therein. B v theadditionof n' suicieut quantity o u f l' ing, either b v:capillaryeattraction orchemlthe arid ot ie alum` or other saltflt def. calat'iinity, thesoluble portions of the fillprivefl ot its above'. described destructivedfngiand the steam or vapor` .arisingthere- 'H' ltilY. f Y' l l f l 'i I'Omf l 'l i i l (if the itncombustiblef earthy", matters y The material of which the cellsare formed 4 and the mannerof'constructingthemniay 95' we will and Sear tinefourselv s to aya f'tuted forf c l n ybe varied but generally rany porous sub- We 'at present -form kstancemay .be used'. t )t the` allcalin substances whichf the ychambers by.breakingbrlcklnto lumps stone. but We f these. 4may he employed :is the nent of such size and irregular shapes as to touchashes. lime. or sod-a may bel eachother and the sides of the safe', to `form f equal advantage. The dtler affmutualsupport,so thattheycannotsettie are to hc mixed i1; va pulver h down, kand at the same'time -donots presentduced beweenthewalls o flat .surfaces to veachyother but touch .onv

points.y `The intersticesb, 1)'represented in"` ythe drawing between `these- Ynps ai a; Vcon- A.sttute' the, cells which contain theA illing.'

A nd the pores lin the brick form smaller cells may be int ro safe or yother'structure poured in while melted hv'l'leat` portionslray require to he souf w as some Saundes of alun duran more ac D n l y than others and somoal-:ai e stronger to receive the steam or' vaporirom the fill-y una or the melted filling-itself; t 1

than others` kbut yin practice generally ght of cl Vfoul' take four (.4) parts bywel (4) parts of `alum and t\\for(2) pa tsy of ashes. y t

instead of using brokcnbrick 1t might'bbeli'o ntageous to. make bricksorftiles for thev v se,' of very.` porous 't' aracter, takingy care 'they do not rest upon each otheri'with flat surfaces but only touch on points so that the steam, vapor, or melted lllng may cir- Asteam, vapor, or melted-tlling until all that' culate `freely among them. The porous "material of which the cells'are constructed will continue during a re to absorb the is capable of fiowing or evaporating is burnt out; and nothing remains' but the portlon that is incapable of either flowing or evapo-v rating which will be left in the pores of the material of which the cells are constructed, and in the cells themselves, and the porous material and other unmelted and unevaporated portion of the lling remaining, form a cellular tissue of the best nonconducting material, having its cells filled with air and gases which 'are also poor conductors, the

samev extending to the topv of the safey -or structure.A

We also propose in carrying out this mode ofholding up the filling to insert in the i the tire proof compound hereinbefore de-A interstices Z), b, oyster shells, or other shells, or solid substances containing lime or other alkali, for the purpose at the same time both of holding up the filling and supplying the neutralizing agent before spoken of in this specification. lVe also propose toconstruct bricks or. tiles of some porousearth or substance containing in itself the aforesaid neutralizing agent; and We further propose to form porous cells to receive the filling by inserting between the walls sheets, strips, or layers'of blanket or other porous textile fabricthe said sheets, strips, or layers having been previously saturated with alum or with scribed and formed in part of alum.

The packing or covering we employ for the joints both of the inner and outer walls of the safe, door, or other structure consists of strips of cloth or other porous 'flexible material dipped in melted alum or some re proof compound consistingvin part of alum. These strips are taken before the alum or compound upon them has set hard, and placed in the lap of the joint as shown at c, L ',or over the joint as shown at 0, c", according as the nature `of the joint may require, and will effectively prevent the fire proof compound oozing through the joints.

We are aware that a compound of alum and clay has been used as av ire proof filling for safes; also that brick, soft stone, layersa of pumice and other porous substances have/ been used for an interior fire proof. lining or shield for the like purposes; likewise that, in connection withvarious soft porous lllngs between the inner and outer cases of the safe, tubes containing alkalin solutions have been interspersed; none of such therefore do we claim, nor yet,v s' a mere antiphlogistic compound, the combination of an alkali with alum; but We do cla1mv Asa new and useful improvement in alum fillings of safes or other fire p'roof struc tures, essentially as specified, combining with the alum filling an' portions as that, the alum, in becoming heated or melted'has a part'of its acid neufalkali, in such pro'- tralized by the action ofthe alkali; when the said filling is interspersed with and supported or restrained from settling down by cells (a) of porous material or'framework of porous substance arranged substantially as described.

.RICHARD G. HOLMES.

I WILLIAM H. BUTLER.

ljVitnesses:

ffl, E. ,Basora It.' HAIGHT. 

